Sport Motivation Scale–6 (SMS-6)

A comprehensive academic guide to the Sport Motivation Scale–6 (SMS-6), examining its theoretical foundation in...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti

Deal Proneness Scale

A comprehensive psychometric and theoretical analysis of the Deal Proneness Scale (DPS-Deal) developed by Lichtenstein,...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti

Value Consciousness Scale (VCS)

A comprehensive academic guide to the Value Consciousness Scale (VCS) by Lichtenstein, Netemeyer, and Burton...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti

Price Consciousness Scale

The Price Consciousness Scale (PCS-Price), developed by Lichtenstein, Ridgway, and Netemeyer (1993), is a 5-item...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti

Consumer Guilt and Shame Scale (CGS)

The Consumer Guilt and Shame Scale (CGS) is an advanced psychometric instrument that differentiates behavioral...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti

Customer Delight Scale (CDS-Delight)

The Customer Delight Scale (CDS-Delight) measures customer delight—a high-arousal, intensely positive affective state comprising Joy,...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti

Anticipated Regret Scale (ARS)

A psychometric review of the Anticipated Regret Scale (ARS), evaluating Action Regret and Inaction Regret...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti

Shopping Enjoyment Scale (SES)

The Shopping Enjoyment Scale (SES), grounded in Babin, Darden, and Griffin's (1994) hedonic shopping value...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti

Consumption Emotions Set (CES)

A comprehensive psychometric and theoretical review of Marsha L. Richins' Consumption Emotions Set (CES), detailing...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti