# Laurent and Kapferer

2 results
Scales

New Involvement Profile (NIP)

A comprehensive academic analysis of the New Involvement Profile (NIP) developed by Kapil Jain and...

September 11, 2026 memjavad
Scales

Consumer Involvement Profiles (CIP)

The Consumer Involvement Profiles (CIP), developed by Gilles Laurent and Jean-Noël Kapferer (1985), is a...

September 11, 2026 memjavad