Experiments
The Pen Choice Experiment (Uniqueness in East vs. West) – Heejung Kim and Hazel Markus
An in-depth academic examination of Kim and Markus's 1999 pen choice experiment, exploring cultural variations...
# Self-Construal
5 results
Scales
Ad Message Involvement (Self-Focused) (AMI)
The Ad Message Involvement (Self-Focused) (AMI) scale is a 4-item psychometric instrument developed by Jing...
Experiments
The Independent vs. Interdependent Self-Construal Studies (Pen Choice) – Heejung Kim and Hazel Markus
An exhaustive academic analysis of the seminal 1999 Kim and Markus pen choice experiment, self-construal...
Scales
Horizontal and Vertical Individualism–Collectivism Scale (HVIC)
Comprehensive academic overview of the Horizontal and Vertical Individualism–Collectivism Scale (HVIC) developed by Singelis, Triandis,...
Experiments
The Pen Choice Experiment (Uniqueness in East vs. West) – Heejung Kim and Hazel Markus
Explore the seminal pen choice experiment by Heejung Kim and Hazel Markus, revealing profound cultural...