Scales

Customer Value Co-Creation Scale (CVCS)

A comprehensive guide to the Customer Value Co-Creation Scale (CVCS), examining its theoretical origins in...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Relationship Quality Scale (RQS)

A comprehensive academic psychometric review of the Relationship Quality Scale (RQS), measuring Trust, Commitment, and...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Sponsorship Fit and Congruence Scale

A comprehensive academic analysis of the Sponsorship Fit and Congruence Scale (SFCS), exploring its functional...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Consumer Awe Scale (CAS-Awe)

The Consumer Awe Scale (CAS-Awe) is a multidimensional psychometric instrument measuring perceived vastness, need for...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Consumer Pride Scale

The Consumer Pride Scale (CPS) measures authentic and hubristic pride in consumer and brand-related contexts,...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Emotional Brand Attachment Scale

A comprehensive academic guide to the Emotional Brand Attachment Scale (EBA) by Thomson, MacInnis, and...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Perceived Brand Globalness Scale (PBG)

Comprehensive psychometric review of the Perceived Brand Globalness Scale (PBG) developed by Steenkamp, Batra, and...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Consumer Cosmopolitanism Scale (COSMO)

The Consumer Cosmopolitanism Scale (COSMO), developed by Riefler, Diamantopoulos, and Siguaw (2012), is a 12-item...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Shopping Value Scale

A comprehensive psychometric review and academic analysis of the Shopping Value Scale (SVS-Babin), examining its...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Retail Approach–Avoidance Scale (RAAS)

The Retail Approach–Avoidance Scale (RAAS) adapts Mehrabian and Russell's PAD environmental psychology framework to assess...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Need for Touch Scale

A comprehensive academic analysis of the Need for Touch Scale (NFT), developed by Joann Peck...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Customer Experience Quality Scale (EXQ)

An exhaustive psychometric profile and academic review of the Customer Experience Quality Scale (EXQ) developed...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti